During pregnancy, a woman's body will experience various changes which are mostly caused by hormonal changes. These changes can affect all organs of a woman's body, including the eyes and eyes.
Disorders of the eye can be normal changes that occur during pregnancy, pre-existing disorders that worsen during pregnancy, or pregnancy complications that affect the eyes.
Generally, interference with the eyes and eyesight will disappear after giving birth, but in certain cases, the disorder instead persists.
Normal Changes to Eyes and Vision during Pregnancy
Changes in the eye that normally occur during pregnancy include changes in the clear layer of the eye (cornea of the eye), changes in pressure in the eyeball, or changes in tissue around the eyeball (for example, the eyelid). This change can cause pregnant women to experience:
Nearsighted
Myopia or nearsightedness in pregnant women occurs due to changes in the curve and thickness of the cornea. This condition makes it difficult for pregnant women to see distant objects, or the minus glasses become increased. These changes will disappear within a few days to weeks after giving birth.
The eyelids turn black and protrude
Discoloration around the eyes and cheeks occurs due to hormonal changes. While the bulge on the eyelid occurs due to a buildup of fluid in the eyelid, especially when approaching labor.
Dry eye
Dry eyes also often occur during pregnancy, especially in pregnant women who use contact lenses. Dry eye conditions can be overcome easily, using eye drops from a doctor.
Eye Disease That Worsens During Pregnancy
There are a number of diseases that affect the eyes and vision, and their condition can worsen during pregnancy. This condition will usually improve after giving birth, but can also persist. Some of these diseases include:
Diabetes
Women with diabetes, with or without eye disorders (diabetic retinopathy) before, are at risk of retinal damage during pregnancy. Retinal damage can occur especially in diabetics whose blood sugar is not controlled.
That is why diabetics are encouraged to have their eyes checked before planning a pregnancy. Pregnant women who have diabetes also need to have regular eye examinations during pregnancy.
Toxoplasmosis
During pregnancy, toxoplasmosis can be active again due to decreased endurance. This disease not only disrupts the condition of the fetus, but can also damage the eye. Pregnant women who have experienced toxoplasmosis need to be vigilant if symptoms develop in the form of blurred vision.
In this condition, the obstetrician will give a drug to kill the parasite so that it is not harmful to vision, as well as not harming the fetus.
Pregnancy Complications Impacting the Eyes
Some pregnancy complications whose effects are felt on the eyes and vision are:
Preeclampsia and eclampsia
Pregnancy complications that increase blood pressure will affect blood flow, including the eyes. This condition causes patients with preeclampsia to experience blurred vision, double vision, partial loss of vision, to blindness.
Visual impairment due to preeclampsia and eclampsia will generally improve within a few days after giving birth. However, in some cases, this condition can persist for several months.
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR)
CSCR is caused by a buildup of fluid behind the retina, so that it can affect the retinal attachment of the eye. The symptom that is felt is a decrease in vision in one or both eyes. This condition can be cured within a few months after delivery. But in some cases, CSCR can also persist, especially if not monitored properly through routine checks to the doctor.
Blood clots and amniotic fluid emboli
Both of these conditions can cause blood vessels in the eyes of pregnant women to experience blockage after delivery. The blockage will disrupt the flow of blood in the eye, so that vision suddenly disappears.
To avoid interference with the eyes and eyesight, do a routine obstetrician's check up on schedule. Discuss with your obstetrician about the need to consult an eye doctor, especially if you have diabetes and toxoplasmosis.
If vision problems occur during pregnancy, see an eye doctor immediately to find out the cause and the right treatment.
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